b) Driven by the desire to increase the income from land revenue officials fixed a very high revenue demand. Peasants were unable to pay these revenue and fled the countryside. Thus, villages became deserted in many regions. Optimistic officials had imagined that the new system would transform the peasants into rich enterprising farmers. But this did not happen due to the very high land revenue rates.
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Answer:
The Ryotwari system was introduced by Munro.
Problem with Ryotwari System
After a few years of implementing the Ryotwari system, the British realized that everything was not fine with the system.
The revenue fixed by the revenue officials was extremely high. It was driven by a very high desire to increase revenues from land.
Some of the officials were under the impression that with the Ryotwari system, peasants would end up becoming enterprising and rich farmers.
On the contrary, Ryots had to flee the countryside as the peasants were not able to pay the revenue demanded by the revenue officials.
In many regions, Villages were deserted.
Ryotwari System – Munro System
There was an idea for implementing policy in British territories in the South, which was different from the Permanent Settlement.
This new system which was implemented in the South was known as Ryotwari (or Ryotwar).
In the areas that were taken by the British after defeating Tipu Sultan, this system was experimented by Captain Alexander Read on a small scale.
Later on this system was expanded all over South India by Thomas Munro.
Thomas Munro and Alexander Read were of the opinion that traditional zamindars did not exist in the South.
They wanted to directly deal with the cultivators (ryots) who were tilling the land for many generations.
Before assessing the revenue, their fields were separately and carefully surveyed.
Explanation:
the land revenue officials wanted to increase the income, so they fixed high land revenue peasants (farmers) were not able to pay high money and left the place. the selfish officers expected that their plan will make peasants as rich enterprising farmers. But. their plan failed due to the high land revenue
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