Class VI Science
EXERCISES
1. When electric current flows in a wire it is called live wire. You can not
touch it because you will suffer electric shock. When there is no flow of
current, it can be touched. What type of change is this?
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Class VI Science
EXERCISES
1. When electric current flows in a wire it is called live wire. You can not
touch it because you will suffer electric shock. When there is no flow of
current, it can be touched. What type of change is this?
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Electric current is a flow of electric charge through a conductive medium. In electric circuits this charge is often carried by moving electrons in a wire. It can also be carried by ions in an electrolyte. The reason of the charged particles movement is an electric voltage.
Electric voltage is a difference of electric potentials of two places.
Electric potential is an electric characteristic of certain place and corresponds to “concentration” of the electric charges. Free charged particles move from places with high concentration to places with low concentration. If there is an electric voltage (potential difference), free charged particles start to move in the direction from the place of the highest electric potential to the place of the lowest electric potential. The movement of free charged particles (negative or positive) from the place of highest electric potential to the place of lowest electric potential is called electric current.
There are two basic electric currents:
Alternating current (AC) - the voltage is changing (electrical outlet). Number of cycles in 1 second is called frequency (measured in Hertz).
Direct current (DC) - the voltage does not change (battery)