define acid and base with an example
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Acid :
Base :
Acids and bases are classified as separate substances and can participate in a competitive process with each other.
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An acid is a chemical substance that donates hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water, resulting in an increase in the concentration of H+ ions. Acids typically have a sour taste and can corrode metals.
For example, hydrochloric acid (HCl) is an acid that dissociates into H+ ions and chloride ions (Cl-) when dissolved in water:
HCl → H+ + Cl-
On the other hand, a base is a chemical substance that accepts hydrogen ions (H+) or donates hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water, resulting in a decrease in the concentration of H+ ions. Bases typically have a bitter taste and feel slippery.
For example, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a base that dissociates into sodium ions (Na+) and hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water:
NaOH → Na+ + OH-