Describe planetary winds?
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Planetary winds, also known as global winds, are large-scale wind patterns that occur across the Earth's surface. These winds are influenced by the rotation of the Earth, the distribution of land and water, and the uneven heating of the Earth's atmosphere by the sun.
There are three main types of planetary winds:
1. Trade Winds: Trade winds blow from the subtropical high-pressure zones towards the equator. In the Northern Hemisphere, they blow from the northeast and are called the Northeast Trade Winds. In the Southern Hemisphere, they blow from the southeast and are called the Southeast Trade Winds.
2. Prevailing Westerlies: Prevailing westerlies blow from the subtropical high-pressure zones towards the poles. In the Northern Hemisphere, they blow from the southwest and are called the Southwest Prevailing Westerlies. In the Southern Hemisphere, they blow from the northwest and are called the Northwest Prevailing Westerlies.
3. Polar Easterlies: Polar easterlies blow from the polar high-pressure zones towards the lower latitudes. In both hemispheres, they blow from the east.
These global wind patterns play a crucial role in shaping weather patterns and ocean currents around the world. They help distribute heat, moisture, and energy across the Earth, influencing climate and weather systems.
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The winds that flow throughout the year from one latitude to another latitude because of latitudinal differences in the air pressure are called planetary winds. They are also called prevailing winds. Planetary winds blow from a single direction over a specific area over the earth.The areas in which the planetary winds meet are called convergence zones. They generally blow east to west rather than blowing north to south. This usually happens because the earth’s rotation generates the Coriolis effect. The Coriolis effect makes wind systems twist anticlockwise in the Northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern hemisphere.Planetary winds also known as permanent winds and are being controlled by the pressure belts, located at the lower part of the atmosphere and blow towards the same direction throughout the whole year. In other terms, they are also called primary winds or prevailing winds. They blow in the direction from high pressure to low pressure. The planetary wind is of three types namely, - the trade wind, the westerlies and the polar wind.