explain whistone bridge with suitable diagram ?
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Answer:
A Wheatstone bridge is an electrical circuit used to calculate an unknown resistance with the help of a bridge circuit. For this, the two legs of the bridge circuit are kept balanced and one leg of it includes the unknown resistance. The Wheatstone bridge principle is similar to the working of potentiometer.
Explanation:
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explain whistone bridge explain with diagram ?
Wheatstone bridge, also known as the resistance bridge, is used to calculate the unknown resistance by balancing two legs of the bridge circuit, of which one leg includes the component of unknown resistance.
It was invented by Samuel Hunter Christie in the year 1833, which was later popularized by Sir Charles Wheatstone in 1843.
The circuit is composed of two known resistors, one unknown resistor and one variable resistor connected in the form of a bridge.
This bridge is very reliable as it gives accurate measurements.
A Wheatstone bridge circuit consists of four arms of which two arms consists of known resistances while the other two arms consist of an unknown resistance and a variable resistance.
The circuit also consists of a galvanometer and an electromotive force source.
The emf source is attached between points a and b while the galvanometer is connected between the points c and d.
The current that flows through the galvanometer depends on the potential difference across it.
Following is the formula used for Wheatstone bridge:
Where,
R is the unknown resistance
S is the standard arm of the bridge
P and Q is the ratio of arm of bridge
The Wheatstone bridge works on the principle of null deflection, i.e. the ratio of their resistances are equal and no current flows through the circuit.
Under normal conditions, the bridge is in the unbalanced condition where current flows through the galvanometer.
The bridge is said to be in a balanced condition when no current flows through the galvanometer.
This condition can be achieved by adjusting the known resistance and variable resistance.