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Answer:
Malnutrition occurs when a person gets too much or too little of certain nutrients.
Undernutrition occurs when they lack nutrients because they eat too little food overall.
A person with undernutrition may lack vitamins, minerals, and other essential substances that their body needs to function.
Explanation:
Malnutrition can lead to:
short- and long-term health problems
slow recovery from wounds and illnesses
a higher risk of infection
difficulty focusing at work or school
Some deficiencies can trigger specific health problems. For example:
A lack of vitamin A
Around the world, many children develop vision problems due to a lack of vitamin A.
A lack of vitamin C
A lack of vitamin C can result in scurvy. Scurvy is rare in the United States, but it can develop if a person does not have a varied diet with plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables.
Older adults, young children, those who consume a lot of alcohol, and some people with certain mental health conditions may be particularly at risk.
An overall deficiency
Lacking all nutrients can lead to kwashiorkor, which is a “severe form of malnutrition.” One symptom of this condition is a distended abdomen.
Marasmus is another potential result of severe nutritional deficiency. A person with marasmus will have very little muscle or fat on their body.
Symptoms
Some signs and symptoms of malnutrition include:
a lack of appetite or interest in food or drink
tiredness and irritability
an inability to concentrate
always feeling cold
depression
loss of fat, muscle mass, and body tissue
a higher risk of getting sick and taking longer to heal
longer healing time for wounds
a higher risk of complications after surgery
Eventually, a person may also experience difficulty breathing and heart failure.
In children, there may be:
a lack of growth and low body weight
tiredness and a lack of energy
irritability and anxiety
slow behavioral and intellectual development, possibly resulting in learning difficulties
Treatment is possible. In some cases, however, malnutrition can have long-term effects.
Anorexia nervosa is a mental health condition that can lead to severe malnutrition.