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Elements follow octet rule by losing or gaining or sharing electrons and become stable.
Eg: Na -----> (Na+) + (e-)
The octet rule refers to the tendency of atoms to prefer to have eight electrons in the valence shell (outer orbital). When atoms have fewer than eight electrons, they tend to react and form more stable compounds. When discussing the octet rule, we do not consider d or f electrons. Only the s and p electrons are involved in the octet rule, making it useful for the representative elements (elements not in the transition metal or inner-transition metal blocks). An octet corresponds to an electron configuration ending with s2p6...... HOPE IT HELPS YOU......