Q.35) a) List three different categories of conception methods. b) Why has government of India prohibited prenatal sex determination by law? State it's benefits in the long run. c) Unsafe sexual act can lead to various infections. Name two bacterial and two viral infections caused due to unsafe sex.
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Answer:
(a) List three different categories of contraception methods.
(b) Why has Government of India prohibited prenatal sex determination by law ? State its benefits in the long run.
(c) Unsafe sexual act can lead to various infections. Name two bacterial and two viral infections caused due to unsafe sex.
Answer:
Explanation: a) Three different categories of conception methods are:
Natural Conception: This involves fertilization through sexual intercourse without the use of artificial methods or assisted reproductive technologies.
Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART): These methods include in vitro fertilization (IVF), intrauterine insemination (IUI), and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), where conception is assisted in a clinical setting.
Artificial Insemination: In this method, sperm is introduced into a woman's reproductive tract using various techniques, such as donor insemination or artificial insemination by the husband (AIH).
b) The Government of India has prohibited prenatal sex determination by law to address the issue of female foeticide and its associated consequences. The benefits of this prohibition in the long run include:
Promoting Gender Equality: The law helps promote gender equality by preventing the selective abortion of female foetuses, which was a common practice in some parts of India.
Reducing Gender Imbalance: Preventing sex-selective abortions helps in reducing the gender imbalance in society, which can have serious social and demographic consequences.
Preserving the Female Population: Protecting the rights of the female child and ensuring their survival contributes to a balanced and healthier society.
Empowering Women: By prohibiting prenatal sex determination, the law supports women's rights and empowerment by discouraging practices that devalue female lives.
c) Two bacterial infections caused due to unsafe sex are:
Chlamydia: Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. It can lead to various health issues if left untreated.
Gonorrhea: Gonorrhea is another bacterial STI caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae. It can affect various parts of the body, including the genitals, rectum, and throat.
Two viral infections caused due to unsafe sex are:
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection: HPV is a group of viruses that can cause genital warts and is linked to various cancers, including cervical cancer. It is spread through sexual contact.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: HIV is the virus that can lead to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). It is primarily transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse and can severely weaken the immune system, making individuals vulnerable to various infections and diseases.