i. Explain conduction of electricity in semiconductors.
ii. Define doping.
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i) Conduction of electricity in semiconductors :
See, basically, semiconductors are the group 14th elements of Silicon and Germanium of the modern periodic table. These elements are, unfortunately, neither too metallic nor too non-metallic to conduct or insulate electric charge. Actually, the electrons in the Valance Band of these metals need a high amount of energy to get excitedly jumped into its corresponding Conduction Band. This energy difference, also called the 'band gap', can approximately range from 2 - 4 eV for conventional semiconductors. Since, this huge band gap energy (2 - 4 eV) is not possible to acquire at the room temperature, they don't conduct electricity. But, if the sufficient amount of energy is given, they can excite their electrons to the Conduction Band, where the electrons are allowed to move freely and hence conducts the electricity.
Thus, for conduction of electricity, the semiconductors must be given with a sufficient energy (greater than the band gap) that may knock-out the valence electron from the influence of the nucleus and excite them to their Conduction Band.
ii) Doping of a Semiconductor :
So, basically, doping refers to the addition of trivalent or pentavalent impurities to a semiconductor to increase it's electrical properties. More clearly, Doping is a procedure used for controlling the carrier concentration and hence the conductivity of semiconductors. It can be achieved by introducing into the semiconductor impurity atoms possessing a different number of valency electrons from those of the component elements of the semiconductor. Due to the addition of these trivalent or pentavalent impurities, a huge amount of holes and electrons are created within the semiconductor, thus increasing it's electrical properties. On the basis of added impurities, thara semiconductors may be divided into n-type and p-type.
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Answer:
Doping basically means athletes taking illegal substances to make their performance better.