The 4f series of elements are called as lanthanides although there is no 4f electron in the case of lanthanum
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The 4f series of elements are called as lanthanides although there is no 4f electron in the case of lanthanum
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1.The f block elements are the lanthanides and actinides. They are called the inner transition elements. They are placed separately, below the periodic table. They are a subset of 6th and 7thperiods.
2.They are called F-block elements because their extra electron enters in (n− 2)forbitals. These elements have electrons, (1 to 14) in the f orbital, (0 to 1)in the d orbital of the penultimate energy level and in the outermost orbital.
3.Lanthanum is the first element of the group lanthanides. It is a rare-earth metal. When we look at the general electronic configuration of lanthanides, it is [Xe]4f1−145d0−16s2.
4.The electrons mostly enter into the 4forbitals because the energies of both 5dorbital and 4f orbital are the same. And the 5dorbitals remain vacant. Lanthanides have partially filled f-orbitals. And the electron shells are filled with n−2electrons.
5. That is why lanthanum is placed in f-block elements.Lanthanides comprise 15elements, from atomic numbers 57−71 that are from lanthanum through the lutetium.
6. They are called lanthanides because the elements in the series are chemically similar to lanthanum. All lanthanide elements form trivalent cationsLn3+.
7.The lanthanides are highly dense elements. Like most metals, these elements have very high melting points and very high boiling points.