what are ions with example
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Ions with a positive charge are called cations. Ions with a negative charge are called anions. Many normal substances exist in the body as ions. Common examples include sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, and bicarbonate.
An ion is a positively or negatively charged atom or group of atoms. Ions are formed when an atom gains or loses electrons, resulting in an unequal number of electrons and protons.
Here are some examples of ions:
Sodium ion: Na+
Magnesium ion: Mg2+
Chloride ion: Cl–
Oxide ion: O2–
(NH4)+: Polyatomic ion
(CO3)2-: Polyatomic ion
OH–: Polyatomic ion
There are two types of ions:
Cations
Positively charged atoms that form when an atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell
Anions
Negatively charged atoms that form when an atom gains one or more electrons into its valence shell
Ions can be created by:
Dissolving a salt (with ionic bond) in water
Passing electricity
Using radiation such as x-rays
Ions are used in many devices, including:
Mass spectrometers, Optical emission spectrometers, Particle accelerators, Ion implanters, Ion engines, Smoke detectors, Air purification.