Which earthquake waves is responsible for stretching and squeezing of rocks
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Which earthquake waves is responsible for stretching and squeezing of rocks
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Answer:
Objectives:
1. Compare and contrast primary, secondary, and surface waves.
2. Explain how an earthquake epicenter is located using seismic wave information.
3. Describe how seismic wave studies indicate the structure of the Earth's interior.
Vocabulary words:
seismic wave focus primary wave epicenter surface wave inner core outer core mantle crust
Resources:
Notes: (10.1)
More than 3 million earthquakes occur every year. Earthquakes are caused by the reshaping of Earth through the movement of Earth's tectonic plates. Most earthquakes occur along plate boundaries or along cracks in the lithosphere called faults. To understand the formation of faults it is important to remember that all rocks have the quality of elasticity (ability to return to shape).
When rock (lithosphere) is stretched beyond its elastic limit it forms a fault.
Caused by plate movements
The stretching & breaking of the rock builds up energy which when released causes an earthquake!
Seismic waves: Body waves
The energy of the earth is released in seismic waves which travel outward from the focus.
· Focus- point where the energy is released
· Epicenter – place on the surface of the Earth above the focus
· Primary (P) waves – type of seismic wave that vibrates rock back and forth
Squeeze & stretch rock
Longitudinal (compression) wave
Fastest
Travels through - air, rock, water (everything)
· Secondary (S) waves – cause particles to move up and down
Transverse (shear) waves
Travels through - solid (not through liquid or gas)
· Surface waves – travel out from the epicenter (2 Types)
Rayleigh - Elliptical motion – Transverse + longitudinal
Love - side to side motion
Slowest
Cause the most surface destruction
Explanation:
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